Research papers provide opportunities to introduce students to unfamiliar and uncomfortable topics they will encounter during a study abroad experience. By delving into the culture, history, and economics of controversial attitudes and practices, students can learn how to comport themselves in a way that will neither draw unwanted attention nor offend others.
As a cultural practice that exists in many Western cultures, but not everywhere outside the West, gratuity presents a problem for some. This is especially true for students traveling to the United States, where tipping has escalated to a degree to which even some Americans bristle. Hence, students stand to benefit from acculturation to the customs, background, and expectations they will encounter while studying in America. What’s more, the interplay of class, gender, race, and socioeconomic status that governs the practice of leaving gratuity affords fertile ground for distinct positions that can be supported.
So, without further ado, here is a short bibliography of general audience sources you can give your students on tipping:
Bibliography
Bowen, K. C. (2020, September 1).
Why the No-Tipping Movement Failed (and Why It Still Has a Chance). Eater.
https://www.eater.com/21398973/restaurant-no-tipping-movement-living-wage-futureDickler, J. (2023a, June 8).
Americans push back against “tip creep’—’It’s time to take a stand,” expert says. CNBC.
https://www.cnbc.com/2023/06/08/americans-have-tip-fatigue-resent-tip-creep.htmlDickler, J. (2023b, July 12).
Other countries don’t have an issue with “tipflation.” Here’s how much people tip around the world. CNBC.
https://www.cnbc.com/2023/07/12/how-much-people-tip-in-the-us-compared-to-other-countries.htmlMarks, G. (2022, February 13). ‘The numbers don’t lie’: Why no-tipping policies can hurt US restaurant workers.
The Guardian.
https://www.theguardian.com/business/2022/feb/13/us-tipping-restaurants-wagesSmith, M. (2023, July 13).
The No. 1 place where Americans forget to tip but should ‘always’ leave at least $3, from an etiquette expert. CNBC.
https://www.cnbc.com/2023/07/13/etiquette-expert-the-no-1-place-americans-forget-to-tip-but-should.htmlSmith, S. V., & Garcia, C. (n.d.).
Why Americans Can’t Quit Tipping: The Indicator from Planet Money. Retrieved December 19, 2023, from
https://www.npr.org/2019/02/20/696421086/why-americans-cant-quit-tippingWachter, P. (2008, October 10). Why Tip?
The New York Times.
https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/12/magazine/12tipping-t.html
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